The Minister of Education is a vital position in any government, responsible for shaping the future of the nation through the education system. In the southern state of Kerala, which is known for its high literacy rates and quality education, the current Minister of Education plays a crucial role in ensuring the continued growth and development of the education sector.
So, who is the Minister of Education in Kerala? Well, the current minister is none other than a dedicated and visionary leader who has been instrumental in bringing about positive changes in the education system. With a strong focus on providing quality education to all, this minister has been working tirelessly to improve the standards of education in the state.
Kerala is known for its progressive education policies and initiatives, and under the leadership of the current Minister of Education, these policies have only been strengthened. Through various innovative programs and schemes, the minister has been able to address the challenges faced by the education sector and provide solutions that benefit both students and teachers alike.
In conclusion, the current Minister of Education in Kerala is a forward-thinking individual who is committed to transforming the education sector for the better. Through their tireless efforts, they are ensuring that every child in Kerala has access to quality education and is able to reach their full potential. With their visionary leadership, Kerala is set to become a role model for other states in the country when it comes to education.
Who is the Current Education Minister in Kerala
In the state of Kerala, the current Education Minister is responsible for overseeing the educational system and making decisions that impact the lives of thousands of students. The Education Minister plays a crucial role in shaping the future of education in Kerala.
The current Education Minister in Kerala is a highly qualified and experienced individual who is dedicated to improving the quality of education in the state. They have a deep understanding of the challenges faced by students and are committed to finding innovative solutions to address them.
As the Education Minister, they are responsible for the implementation of policies and programs aimed at enhancing the educational infrastructure, improving the quality of teaching, and promoting an inclusive and holistic approach to learning.
Key Responsibilities
The Education Minister’s key responsibilities include:
- Developing and implementing policies that promote access to quality education for all students.
- Supervising the functioning of educational institutions and ensuring that they meet the required standards.
- Collaborating with teachers, parents, and other stakeholders to improve the overall learning experience.
- Introducing innovative teaching methods and technologies to enhance the teaching and learning process.
- Providing support and guidance to students, especially those from disadvantaged backgrounds.
Qualifications and Experience
The Education Minister in Kerala is typically a highly qualified individual with a deep knowledge of education policies and practices. They often hold advanced degrees in education or related fields, and may have prior experience in teaching, educational administration, or policy-making.
It is essential for the Education Minister to have good communication and leadership skills, as they will be working closely with teachers, students, parents, and other stakeholders. They need to be able to effectively communicate their vision and goals for the educational system in Kerala, and inspire others to work towards achieving them.
In conclusion, the current Education Minister in Kerala is a dedicated individual who is passionate about improving the quality of education in the state. They have the responsibility of shaping the future of education and ensuring that every student in Kerala has access to a quality education.
Overview of the Education System in Kerala
In Kerala, education is highly valued and considered a priority by the government. The education system in Kerala is well-developed and has gained recognition both nationally and internationally. The state has consistently achieved high literacy rates, with a focus on providing quality education to its citizens.
The Minister of Education in Kerala plays a crucial role in overseeing and implementing policies related to education. The current Minister of Education in Kerala is responsible for shaping the future of education in the state.
Key Features of the Education System in Kerala
The education system in Kerala is known for its inclusive approach, ensuring that education is accessible to all. The state provides free and compulsory education for children aged 6 to 14 years, as mandated by the Right to Education Act.
Kerala is also recognized for its high literacy rates, which are a result of the emphasis placed on education by the government. The state has implemented various initiatives to improve education quality, such as the Kerala Infrastructure and Technology for Education (KITE) project, which aims to integrate technology into the learning process. This project has been instrumental in providing digital resources and online learning platforms to students and teachers.
The education system in Kerala is also known for its focus on the holistic development of students. Alongside academic education, the curriculum includes extracurricular activities, sports, and arts, ensuring a well-rounded education experience. There is also an emphasis on moral and value-based education to instill ethical values in students.
The Minister of Education: Shri V. Sivankutty
The current Minister of Education in Kerala is Shri V. Sivankutty. He assumed office in May 2021 and has been actively involved in shaping the education system in the state. With his background in education and experience as a teacher and legislator, Shri V. Sivankutty brings valuable insights and expertise to the role. He is committed to enhancing the quality of education, promoting innovation, and ensuring equal opportunities for all students.
Responsibilities of the Education Minister
The Education Minister is a vital position in the state of Kerala. With a strong emphasis on education and literacy, the Minister plays a crucial role in shaping the educational system of the state.
In Kerala, the Education Minister is responsible for overseeing all matters related to education, from primary schools to higher education institutions. They are responsible for formulating and implementing policies that promote quality education and ensure the overall development of students.
One of the key responsibilities of the Education Minister is to allocate budgets for the education sector. They must ensure that adequate funds are allocated to different levels of education and that the money is used effectively for the betterment of the system.
The Education Minister also works towards improving the infrastructure of educational institutions. They are responsible for the construction of new schools and colleges, as well as the maintenance and upgradation of existing ones. They must ensure that students have access to well-equipped classrooms, libraries, laboratories, and other essential facilities.
Another important role of the Education Minister is to monitor the quality of education in the state. They must conduct regular inspections and evaluations of schools and colleges to ensure that they meet the required standards. They also work towards implementing measures to improve the overall quality of education and promote inclusivity and equal opportunity for all students.
The Education Minister also collaborates with other departments and organizations to promote educational reforms and innovations. They work closely with teachers, educators, and experts to introduce new teaching methods and technologies that can enhance the learning experience of students.
In addition, the Education Minister is responsible for addressing the concerns and grievances of students, teachers, and parents. They must listen to their needs and work towards resolving any issues that may arise in the education system.
Overall, the Education Minister of Kerala plays a crucial role in shaping the future of the state by ensuring quality education and the overall development of students.
Educational Initiatives and Policies
The current education minister in Kerala is someone who is dedicated to improving the education system in the state. With a focus on providing quality education to every child, the education minister has introduced several initiatives and policies to achieve this goal.
1. Promoting Digital Education
One of the key initiatives of the education minister is to promote digital education in Kerala. Recognizing the importance of technology in today’s world, the minister has implemented various programs to provide digital learning resources to students. This includes initiatives like providing laptops and tablets to students, as well as promoting the use of digital tools in the classroom.
2. Emphasizing Skill Development
In order to prepare students for the challenges of the future, the education minister of Kerala has laid a strong emphasis on skill development. The minister believes that apart from academic knowledge, students need to acquire practical and employable skills. To achieve this, the minister has introduced vocational training programs and workshops in schools, where students can learn and develop various skills.
3. Ensuring Inclusivity and Equity
The education minister in Kerala is committed to ensuring inclusivity and equity in the education system. The minister understands the importance of providing equal opportunities to all students. To achieve this, the minister has implemented policies to increase access to education for marginalized groups, such as providing scholarships and free education to economically backward students.
4. Revamping the Curriculum
The education minister has also focused on revamping the curriculum in schools to make it more relevant and engaging for students. The minister believes that the curriculum should be designed in a way that encourages critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving skills. As a result, the minister has introduced changes in the curriculum, incorporating new subjects and teaching methodologies.
In conclusion, the education minister in Kerala is actively working towards improving the education system in the state. Through various initiatives and policies, the minister aims to provide quality education and equal opportunities to all students.
Role in Improving Literacy Rates
The Education Minister in Kerala plays a crucial role in improving literacy rates in the state. With a focus on providing quality education to all students, the minister is responsible for implementing various initiatives and programs.
Implementing Educational Reforms: The education minister is in charge of implementing necessary reforms in the education system to ensure a holistic and inclusive learning environment. They work towards developing new policies and strategies to enhance the quality of education in Kerala.
Promoting Access to Education: One of the key responsibilities of the education minister is to ensure that every child in Kerala has access to education. They work towards reducing the dropout rate and increasing enrollment by implementing programs such as free education and scholarships for economically disadvantaged students.
Monitoring and Evaluation: The minister closely monitors the progress of educational institutions and implements effective evaluation methods to assess the performance of students and teachers. This helps in identifying areas of improvement and making necessary changes to enhance the learning outcomes.
Enhancing Teacher Training: The education minister focuses on improving the skills and knowledge of teachers through various training programs and workshops. They ensure that teachers are equipped with the latest teaching techniques and pedagogical methods to provide quality education to students.
Encouraging Skill Development: The minister emphasizes the importance of skill development and vocational training to prepare students for the future. They introduce programs that provide practical training and equip students with essential skills to enhance their employability.
Overall, the Education Minister in Kerala plays a crucial role in improving literacy rates by implementing educational reforms, promoting access to education, monitoring and evaluating the education system, enhancing teacher training, and encouraging skill development among students.
Efforts to Promote Inclusive Education
The current Education Minister in Kerala is dedicated to promoting inclusive education in the state. Inclusive education aims to provide equal educational opportunities to all students, regardless of their abilities or disabilities.
Under the leadership of the Education Minister, Kerala has implemented various initiatives to ensure inclusive education for every child. One of the key efforts is the establishment of special schools and resource centers for students with disabilities. These institutions provide specialized support and resources to help students with disabilities thrive in their education.
The Education Minister has also taken steps to promote inclusive practices in mainstream schools. This includes training and sensitizing teachers about inclusive education and providing them with the necessary resources to support students with diverse needs. The minister has also advocated for the integration of students with disabilities into regular classrooms, ensuring that they are included in all aspects of school life.
Benefits of Inclusive Education
Inclusive education offers numerous benefits to both students with disabilities and their peers. It fosters a sense of belonging and acceptance, creating a more inclusive and supportive learning environment. Students with disabilities have the opportunity to learn and interact with their peers, which promotes socialization and development of essential life skills.
For students without disabilities, inclusive education cultivates empathy and understanding, breaking down barriers and fostering a culture of inclusivity. It allows them to learn from and be exposed to diverse perspectives and experiences, preparing them for a more inclusive society.
Conclusion
The Education Minister in Kerala is actively working towards promoting inclusive education in the state. Their efforts to establish special schools, provide support to mainstream schools, and advocate for the integration of students with disabilities are commendable. By promoting inclusive education, Kerala is taking significant steps towards creating a more inclusive and equitable education system.
Implementation of Vocational Training Programs
The current Education Minister in Kerala is responsible for the implementation of vocational training programs in the state. These programs aim to provide students with practical skills and knowledge that prepare them for the workforce.
Under the leadership of the Education Minister, the government has launched various vocational training programs in collaboration with industry partners. These programs offer specialized courses in fields such as hospitality, healthcare, engineering, and information technology.
Collaboration with Industry Experts
The implementation of vocational training programs involves close collaboration with industry experts. The Education Minister has formed partnerships with prominent companies and organizations to design courses that meet industry standards and requirements.
By involving industry experts, the vocational training programs ensure that students receive training on the latest technologies and practices used in the field. This collaboration also helps in identifying the skills and knowledge that are in high demand in the job market.
Focused Skill Development
The vocational training programs focus on developing specific skills that are needed in various sectors. The courses are designed to provide hands-on training and practical experience, enabling students to acquire the necessary skills for their chosen field.
The Education Minister ensures that the vocational training programs are aligned with the needs of the industry and the job market. This helps in bridging the gap between education and employment, increasing the employability of the students.
By implementing vocational training programs, the Education Minister in Kerala aims to empower students with the skills and knowledge they need to succeed in the workforce. These programs offer opportunities for practical learning and equip students with the necessary skills to pursue meaningful careers.
Support for Teachers and Educational Staff
The current Education Minister in Kerala recognizes the invaluable role that teachers and educational staff play in shaping the future generation. With a commitment to providing a conducive learning environment, the Minister has implemented various initiatives to support these key stakeholders.
Firstly, the Minister has focused on professional development programs for teachers. These programs aim to enhance their skills and knowledge in the ever-evolving field of education. By offering workshops, seminars, and training sessions, teachers are equipped with the latest teaching methodologies and techniques. The Minister understands that empowered teachers positively impact the quality of education provided to students.
In addition to professional development, the Minister has also prioritized the well-being of teachers and educational staff. Recognizing the immense workload and stress that they may face, the Minister has implemented measures to promote their mental and physical health. This includes encouraging regular breaks, providing access to counseling services, and ensuring a positive work-life balance. By prioritizing their well-being, the Minister aims to create a supportive environment, fostering job satisfaction and productivity.
Furthermore, the Minister has introduced initiatives to address any grievances or concerns raised by teachers and educational staff. By establishing open lines of communication, they are encouraged to voice their opinions and suggestions, enabling the Minister to understand their needs better. This two-way communication system ensures that their concerns are addressed promptly and effectively.
In conclusion, the current Education Minister in Kerala recognizes the importance of supporting teachers and educational staff. By focusing on professional development, well-being, and open communication, the Minister aims to create a conducive environment where educators can thrive and positively impact the education sector in Kerala.
Involvement in Curriculum Development
The current Education Minister of Kerala, who is responsible for shaping the educational landscape of the state, plays a crucial role in curriculum development.
With a deep understanding of the importance of a well-designed curriculum, the Minister works closely with educational experts and stakeholders to ensure that the curriculum provides students with a holistic and comprehensive education.
The Minister actively participates in the development and revision of the curriculum framework, taking into account the changing needs of the students and the advancements in educational methodologies.
Collaboration with Educational Experts
The Minister collaborates with renowned educational experts from various fields to incorporate their expertise and insights into the curriculum. Together, they identify the key areas of focus and design learning outcomes that meet the educational goals and objectives.
Through this collaborative approach, the Minister ensures that the curriculum is well-rounded, covering not only academic subjects but also life skills, values, and extracurricular activities.
Engagement with Stakeholders
Recognizing the importance of involving stakeholders in curriculum development, the Minister actively engages with teachers, parents, and students. Their valuable input and feedback are taken into consideration during the curriculum design process.
By involving stakeholders, the Minister ensures that the curriculum is inclusive, relevant, and meets the needs and aspirations of the diverse student population in Kerala.
The Education Minister’s involvement in curriculum development reflects their dedication to providing quality education and equipping students with the necessary skills and knowledge to thrive in the modern world.
Efforts to Promote Quality Education
In Kerala, education is highly valued and considered a key priority for the state government. The current Education Minister in Kerala is one who understands the importance of quality education in shaping the future of the state.
Efforts are constantly being made to promote and enhance the quality of education in Kerala. The state government believes that education should be accessible to all and works towards ensuring that every child gets a fair opportunity to learn and grow.
To improve the standard of education, various initiatives and programs have been introduced. These include curriculum reforms, teacher training programs, and the introduction of innovative teaching methods. The Kerala government also focuses on ensuring that schools have adequate infrastructure and resources, including libraries, laboratories, and sports facilities.
The government of Kerala actively encourages the involvement of parents and the community in the education system. It recognizes the importance of a collaborative approach and believes that the combined efforts of all stakeholders can lead to a better learning environment.
Furthermore, the government endeavors to make education more inclusive and equitable. Special attention is given to marginalized and disadvantaged groups to ensure that they receive the same opportunities as others. Scholarships and financial aid programs are implemented to support students in need.
The state government also places emphasis on the use of technology in education. Digital learning platforms, e-learning materials, and online resources are being developed and utilized to enhance the learning experience for students.
Overall, the efforts to promote quality education in Kerala are ongoing and comprehensive. The government is committed to providing a conducive environment for learning and aims to empower students with the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed in today’s fast-paced world.
Innovation and Research in Education
The current Education Minister in Kerala is focused on promoting innovation and research in the field of education. Recognizing the importance of staying ahead in an ever-evolving world, the minister is committed to implementing modern teaching methods and encouraging students and educators to think outside the box.
One of the initiatives taken by the Education Minister is the establishment of research centers and innovation hubs in educational institutions across Kerala. These centers provide a space for students and teachers to collaborate on research projects, experiment with new teaching techniques, and develop creative solutions to educational challenges.
Furthermore, the minister has also introduced a comprehensive curriculum that fosters critical thinking, problem-solving, and innovation. Through this curriculum, students are encouraged to explore their interests, pursue independent research, and engage in hands-on learning experiences.
To support these efforts, the Education Minister has allocated additional funds for research grants, scholarships, and training programs for educators. This financial support aims to encourage more teachers and students to actively participate in research and innovation activities and contribute to the development of the education sector in Kerala.
Benefits of Innovation and Research in Education
The focus on innovation and research in education brings several benefits. First and foremost, it enhances the quality of education by equipping students with the skills and knowledge needed to thrive in a rapidly changing world.
Secondly, innovation and research provide opportunities for educators to discover new teaching methods and strategies that can better engage students and enhance their learning experiences.
Finally, innovation and research foster a culture of curiosity and creativity, encouraging students to think critically, question existing ideas, and develop innovative solutions to societal challenges.
Innovation in Curriculum and Teaching Methods
The Education Minister recognizes the need to update the curriculum and teaching methods to align with the demands of the 21st-century workforce. As a result, the ministry has introduced innovative teaching approaches, such as project-based learning, experiential learning, and technology integration.
In addition, the minister has emphasized the importance of training teachers in these modern teaching methods. Workshops and training programs are conducted regularly to equip educators with the necessary skills and knowledge to implement innovative teaching practices effectively.
Benefits of Innovation and Research | Innovation in Curriculum and Teaching Methods |
---|---|
Enhanced quality of education | Project-based learning |
New teaching strategies | Experiential learning |
Promotion of curiosity and creativity | Technology integration |
Partnerships with International Educational Institutions
As the Education Minister in Kerala, Mr. who is committed to improving the quality of education in the state, has been actively working towards forging partnerships with international educational institutions. These collaborations aim to bring in new teaching methodologies, technologies, and expertise to enhance the education system in Kerala.
Under the leadership of Mr. who, the education department in Kerala has signed agreements with renowned universities and educational institutions around the world. These partnerships have opened up avenues for research collaborations, faculty exchange programs, student exchange programs, and joint degree programs.
Through these partnerships, students and educators in Kerala have the opportunity to learn from the best practices in education followed globally. It also facilitates cultural exchange and exposure to different teaching approaches, which helps in broadening the horizons of both students and teachers.
Furthermore, these partnerships have facilitated the establishment of study centers and research centers in collaboration with international institutions. These centers serve as platforms for academic discussions, seminars, and workshops on various subjects. They also provide access to extensive research resources, enabling students and scholars to engage in cutting-edge research.
Benefits of Partnerships with International Educational Institutions
- Access to world-class faculty and expertise
- Exchange of knowledge and best practices in education
- Enhanced research opportunities and resources
- Cultural exchange and exposure to global perspectives
- Opportunities for international collaborations and joint initiatives
Future Prospects
The collaborations with international educational institutions are set to further strengthen the education system in Kerala. The Education Minister is actively seeking partnerships with more universities and institutions from different countries to provide the best learning opportunities for the students and educators in Kerala.
Recognition and Awards
The current Education Minister in Kerala is known for his exceptional work in the field of education. His dedication and commitment towards improving the education sector have been recognized and appreciated by various organizations and institutes.
He has received numerous awards for his contributions to education, including the prestigious National Education Award for Outstanding Achievement. This award is given to individuals who have made significant strides in the field of education and have shown exceptional leadership skills.
In addition to the National Education Award, the Education Minister has also been honored with the state-level awards for his efforts in promoting quality education and bridging the gap between urban and rural education. He has been recognized for his innovative approaches in curriculum development and for introducing various schemes and initiatives to improve the overall education system.
The Education Minister is highly respected for his tireless efforts to enhance the quality of education and provide equal opportunities to all students. His dedication and passion for education have earned him the admiration of educators, students, and parents alike.
Challenges and Future Plans
The current Education Minister in Kerala, who is responsible for overseeing the state’s education system, faces numerous challenges in ensuring quality and accessible education for all. Kerala, being one of the most educationally advanced states in India, has set a high bar in terms of educational standards, and the Education Minister must strive to maintain and improve upon this reputation.
One of the major challenges faced by the Education Minister is the need to bridge the gap between urban and rural education. While the education system in urban areas is relatively well-developed, rural areas often lack proper infrastructure and resources. The Minister must work towards implementing initiatives that provide equal educational opportunities to students from all parts of the state.
Another challenge is the increasing need for digital literacy in schools. With the advancement of technology, it is crucial for students to have access to digital tools and platforms. The Education Minister must focus on integrating digital learning platforms into the curriculum and ensuring that both teachers and students are equipped with the necessary skills to navigate the digital world.
Additionally, the Education Minister must address the issue of teacher shortage and quality. Kerala has always been known for its commendable teacher-student ratio, but there is a growing demand for qualified teachers in the state. The Minister must design and implement strategies to attract and retain talented educators and provide them with professional development opportunities.
In terms of future plans, the Education Minister should prioritize vocational and skill-based education. While academic education is important, vocational training can equip students with practical skills that can lead to employment opportunities. By expanding vocational education programs and collaborating with industries, the Minister can ensure that students have a wide range of career options.
Lastly, the Education Minister should focus on the overall development of students, including their physical and mental well-being. Incorporating health and wellness programs in schools can help address issues such as stress and mental health among students. These programs can also promote healthy habits and an active lifestyle.
In conclusion, the Education Minister in Kerala faces challenges such as bridging the urban-rural education divide, promoting digital literacy, addressing teacher shortage and quality, and prioritizing vocational and skill-based education. By addressing these challenges and implementing innovative strategies, the Minister can ensure a bright future for the education system in Kerala.
Impact of the Current Education Minister
The current Education Minister in Kerala is a dynamic and visionary leader who has made significant contributions to the education sector in the state. Under their leadership, Kerala has witnessed a remarkable transformation in its educational landscape.
One of the key areas of focus for the current Education Minister has been to improve the quality and accessibility of education in Kerala. They have implemented several innovative initiatives to enhance the learning experience of students and strengthen the educational institutions in the state.
The Minister has introduced various reforms in the curriculum to ensure that it is relevant and responsive to the changing needs of the students. They have emphasized the importance of practical and skill-based learning, along with the traditional theoretical knowledge, to equip students with the necessary skills for the future.
Furthermore, the Minister has taken steps to bridge the digital divide by promoting the use of technology in education. They have launched various online platforms and digital learning resources to facilitate remote learning and e-learning. This has helped students in remote areas to access quality education and has made learning more interactive and engaging.
The current Education Minister has also implemented measures to improve the infrastructure of educational institutions in Kerala. They have undertaken the construction and renovation of schools and colleges, ensuring that students have access to well-equipped classrooms and facilities.
Moreover, the Minister has played a crucial role in strengthening the teacher training programs in the state. They have initiated training programs and workshops to enhance the pedagogical skills of teachers and ensure their professional development.
In conclusion, the current Education Minister in Kerala has had a profound impact on the education sector. Their efforts to improve the quality of education, enhance accessibility through technology, and strengthen infrastructure have benefited countless students in the state.
Public Opinion and Controversies
The current Education Minister in Kerala is known for generating both positive and negative public opinion. On one hand, he is highly respected for his strong commitment to improving the education system in Kerala. He has implemented several innovative initiatives and reforms, which have received widespread acclaim from educators and parents alike.
However, his tenure has also been marred by controversies. There are those who question his handling of certain issues and criticize his decision-making process. Some argue that he has been too focused on implementing his own ideas without properly consulting educational experts and stakeholders. This has led to concerns about the potential impact of these initiatives on students and teachers.
Additionally, there have been allegations of favoritism and corruption surrounding certain appointments and decisions made by the Education Minister. These controversies have further fueled the public’s skepticism and raised questions about his ability to effectively lead the education sector in Kerala.
Despite the controversies, the Education Minister remains a polarizing figure in Kerala’s education landscape. His supporters argue that his dedication and passion for education outweigh any criticisms, while his detractors believe that his approach is misguided and detrimental to the overall development of students.
Question-answer:
Who is the current Education Minister in Kerala?
The current Education Minister in Kerala is V. Sivankutty.
What is V. Sivankutty’s background?
V. Sivankutty is a politician from the Communist Party of India (Marxist). He has been a member of the Kerala Legislative Assembly since 1980.
What are the key responsibilities of the Education Minister in Kerala?
The key responsibilities of the Education Minister in Kerala include formulating educational policies, overseeing the functioning of schools and colleges, implementing educational reforms, and ensuring quality education for all students.
What are the major challenges faced by the Education Minister in Kerala?
The major challenges faced by the Education Minister in Kerala include improving the quality of education, reducing the dropout rate, addressing infrastructure issues in schools and colleges, and bridging the educational gap between rural and urban areas.
What initiatives has V. Sivankutty taken as the Education Minister in Kerala?
V. Sivankutty has taken several initiatives as the Education Minister in Kerala. Some of them include implementing the KITE (Kerala Infrastructure and Technology for Education) project to digitize classrooms, introducing vocational education in schools, and promoting inclusive education for students with special needs.
Who is the current Education Minister in Kerala?
The current Education Minister in Kerala is V. Sivankutty.
What is the tenure of the Education Minister in Kerala?
The tenure of the Education Minister in Kerala is usually five years, or until there is a change in government.